Essay on Critical Psychology and its critics on the four mainstream

On Critical Psychology and its critics on the four mainstream psychology approaches - Essay Example These mainstream approaches are most commonly taught in universities and colleges and more often used by clinicians and researchers in explaining human behaviour (Prilleltensky & Fox, 1997, p.4). The behaviourist or behaviourism approach is concerned mainly with observable behaviour as opposed to unseen emotions like feelings or thoughts. This approach believes that behaviour manifests as a response to a stimulus. It also believes that our behaviour is largely determined by our environment (Simply Psychology, n.d.). The humanistic approach emphasizes on the importance of studying consciousness and human experience in order to completely explain behaviour. It highlights the importance of â€Å"more individualistic and idiographic methods of study, particularly in the areas of personality and abnormality† (Walker, n.d). It also focuses on the value of responsibility and freedom of choice. The cognitive approach in psychology focuses on our thought processes, how we think-and how such thought processes affect our behaviour (Psychologist World, 2008). This approach focuses on using the scientific approach in explaining human behaviour. â€Å"Cognitive†¦ psychologists attempt to create rules and explanations of human behaviour and eventually generalize them to everyones behaviour† (Psychologist World, 2008). The psychodynamic approach was popularized by several psychologists. Sigmund Freud founded this approach which â€Å"emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behaviour† (Wagner, 2008a). He believed that the mind was composed of three elements: id, ego, and superego. Erik Erickson’s approach was also classified as psychodynamic. He expanded on Freud’s theories and emphasized the importance of growth throughout the lifespan. These mainstream approaches to psychology have been criticized by various practitioners, especially by emerging critical psychologists. They believe that mainstream

An essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

An - Essay Example The argument of associating some people with one thing and others with a different thing is not pro-music. This article highlights an individual’s strive to achieve something that many people could only dream of back in the history addressed in the article. The move to engage in rock even when expected not to breaks the usual and points out to the possibility of achieving something unusual. From a neutral point of view, however, black or white does not make bad or good. The most important factor to consider is the interest, drive, and motive behind that music genre. What this means is that both black and white people cannot do whatever and be whomever they want by putting the racial factor aside. The result would be a harmonized society where the dreams, interests, talents, and goals of an individual overrule one’s racial or cultural background. The author makes a significant statement in the article, which notes, â€Å"Listening to rock felt like sneaking past guards of racial barriers† (Douglas, 2013). In light of this statement, it is evident that race, culture, and music are critically intertwined. The statement implies that rock music is not a black people’s thing. The truth of the matter, however, is that music and music genres have no racial boundaries. The misconception therein follows social events that sought to define who does what and why. Such misconceptions and stereotypes only stand to derail musical progress among racial differentials. Music is an art without boundaries. In other words, it should be defined in words that go beyond racial concerns. The white or black factor should not feature anywhere as far as rock is concerned. In light of this article, there is notable difference between the time referred to in the article and today. Back then, racial profiling and potential segregation were evident. Today, however, majority of people have become